About Hepatitis A
What is Hepatitis A?
Hepatitis A is an inflammatory liver disease of viral origin. The main routes of infection:
  1. Direct contact with an infected person;
  2. Contaminated water and food.
As a rule, the spread of this infection is due to insufficient implementation of sanitary and hygienic standards in public areas (schools, kindergartens, canteens of enterprises).
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Treatment of the disease
The initial stage of hepatitis A has similar symptoms to the usual acute respiratory infections. Then typical signs join: loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, pain in the upper abdomen; the appearance of jaundice, darkening of urine and discoloration of feces.
Hepatitis A is a treatable disease that does not become chronic. The lethality is low.
The incubation period is 2 to 4 weeks.
Frequency of hepatitis A
According to WHO estimates, about 1.5 million cases of hepatitis A occur in the world annually. In Russia, 150-200 thousand people fall ill annually.
At-risk groups
- persons traveling on business trips and on vacation to regions unfavorable for hepatitis A, including the military;
- housing and communal services workers;
- employees of trade and catering establishments;
- risk groups for complications and mortality due to hepatitis A: carriers of the hepatitis B and C virus, patients with chronic liver diseases;
- homosexuals and drug addicts;
- persons suffering from hemophilia;
- city dwellers traveling to the countryside.
What are the consequences of hepatitis A?
People who have had hepatitis A require dispensary observation, long-term restrictions on diet and physical activity.
Complications
There is a likelihood of developing "instantaneous" hepatitis A with a possible fatal outcome.
How can you protect yourself from hepatitis A?
It is necessary to follow the rules of hygiene - wash your hands with soap and water, thoroughly wash vegetables and fruits, dousing them with boiled water, drink only boiled water. But the best way to deal with hepatitis A is getting vaccinated on time.
How effective is hepatitis A vaccination?
Vaccination blocks the spread of infection, since protective antibodies appear in the blood already 15 days after vaccination. After revaccination (repeated administration of the vaccine after 6-12 months), long-term immune protection against hepatitis A infection is formed.
Indications for use
Active prevention of viral hepatitis A from 3 years of age for all categories of the population that have no contraindications to vaccination. In children under 3 years of age, the disease is usually mild.
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